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Managing credit now brings future financial
rewards
The wise
use of credit,combined with regular saving and investing,can be a powerful
way to meet your long-term financial goals.
But
credit is a two-edged sword. Abuse your privileges and you may not be able
to take advantage of credit when you need it - for a car or business
loan,home renovations,or a mortgage.
Click
through the links below for tips on using credit to manage your finances
and help you reach your goals.
• Establish
healthy credit habits • Be
a smart borrower • Debt
management strategies • Do
you know what your credit report says about
you?
Establish healthy credit habits
Here are
some "do's and don'ts" that will establish you as the kind of person that
lenders are eager to do business with:
Do pay bills - hydro,
phone, cable - on time. If you're the forgetful type,set up direct
bill payments from your bank account. It's painless,and will help your
credit rating.
Do get a credit card. The utmost in
convenience,credit cards have become necessary for everything from booking
a hotel to renting a movie.
Do pay your credit card bills on
time. This will help you build a solid credit history and avoid high
interest charges.
Tip: If you have a tendency to run
up credit card charges that exceed your cash flow,use your debit card when
you would normally use your credit card. The money comes directly out of
your account,limiting your spending to what you can afford in cash.
Do limit yourself to one or two cards. It makes
record-keeping simpler,and it removes the temptation to abuse credit.
Also,beware of retail credit cards,as their interest rates are typically
higher than those charged by the major credit card companies.
Don't draw cash advances on your cards. A personal line of
credit is a much more cost-effective way to give yourself access to cash
when you need it.
Do establish your own credit identity. In
many families,credit is held in the name of one spouse. If the
relationship ends,one spouse may be left without a credit identity,making
it much more difficult to borrow when needed.
Be a smart borrower
Debt
itself is neither good nor bad - it's how you use it that counts. "Good
debt" is a loan that represents an investment in your future. Here are
some examples of debt that smart borrowers might consider using:
- Student loans
that help you get an education - easily one of the best investments you
can make.
- Loans that are
used to purchase an asset that may increase in value,such as real
estate.
- RRSP
catch-up loans. Tip: Using the resulting tax refund to pay back the
loan makes for a powerful one-two combination.
- Loans that are
used to earn investment or business income,which can make the interest
tax-deductible.
Now
consider debt that compounds and provides no future benefit; in other
words,"bad debt." Here are some examples:
- Taking cash
advances on your credit card. Interest is charged from the day of the
advance.
- Borrowing money
to purchase a luxury item that has no future financial value to you or
your family.
Debt-management strategies
The key to making debt work for you
rather than against you is to be proactive. Here are some effective
strategies to explore:
- Pay down
expensive debt first. In order to use good debt wisely,you should
first reduce or eliminate bad debt. Let's say you have some money set
aside in a low-interest savings vehicle but you are carrying a balance
on a credit card that charges 18%. It makes sense to use some of those
savings to pay down the debt.
- Consolidate
debt to save money. If you find yourself struggling to pay down
expensive debt,consider taking a line of credit to consolidate your
debts at a lower overall rate. You'll save a bundle on the interest
charges,and it'll be easier to keep track and take control of your
finances.
- Use savings
and cash for lifestyle needs. If you need a vacation,it's wise to
use any savings you have accumulated to pay for it rather than going
into debt. Better yet,plan ahead by creating a separate "vacation"
account and adding a little to it each month.
Do you know what your credit report says about
you?
Canada has two credit reporting
agencies - also known as credit bureaus - that keep your credit history
files:
Equifax Canada Inc.,and Trans
Union of Canada,Inc. Every time you apply for a loan or pay a
bill,that information is recorded in your file. Some of the information
can remain in your file for up to six years - or up to 14 years if two or
more bankruptcies are involved.
There are a
number of reasons you might want to find out what's in your file:
- You've been
denied credit and want to know why.
- You're about to
apply for credit and want to know where your credit rating stands before
meeting with the financial institution.
- You want to
ensure that the information is up-to-date and accurate.
- Consolidate
debt to save money. You want to see where you can improve your
financial habits.
- You want to
thwart "identity thieves," people who steal your personal information
and rack up large bills,wreaking havoc on your credit rating.
Did you know ...
Only 13% of Canadians have ever seen a copy of their credit report or had
its contents read to them over the phone. You have the right to see what's
in your personal credit report,at no cost to you.
What's in a credit report?
A credit report includes personal
information such as name,SIN,and birth date. It also includes a list of
organizations that have requested a copy of your credit file in the past
three years.
This information about inquiries is
important because it can look bad to have too many. This is something to
think about before shopping around for a mortgage with 10 different banks
- a long list of inquiries could be mistaken for a long list of mortgage
rejections. Bankruptcies and dealings with collection agencies are also
included.
You will probably be most interested
in the trade information - details of your credit transactions.
Evaluations are based on industry standard ratings that range from 0 (or
R0) to 9. Here's what the ratings mean:
0 - Too new a
file to rate; approved but not used.
1 - Pays (or paid) within
30 days of billing; pays account as agreed.
2 - Pays (or paid) in
more than 30 days,but not more than 60 days,or not more than one payment
past due.
3 - Pays (or paid) in more than 60 days,but not more than 90
days,or two payments past due.
4 - Pays (or paid) in
more than 90 days,but not more than 120 days,or three or more payments
past due.
5 - Account is at least 120 days overdue but is not yet rated
"9."
6 - Not used.
7 - Making regular
payments under a consolidation order or similar arrangement through a
third party.
8 - Repossession
(indicates if a voluntary return of merchandise by consumer).
9 -
Bad debt,placed for collections,skip.
Staying
within the 1-2 range is best. Most organizations do not look kindly
on potential customers who repeatedly score a 3 or higher.
I've looked at my report,now what?
If you spot an error in your credit
report,contact the credit bureau and explain what the problem is. They can
correct mistakes or update your files if there is proof a mistake has been
made. (One more reason to keep accurate financial records yourself!)
If you've looked at your report and it's correct,but you don't
like what you see,it's time to get your financial patterns back on track.
Click through
Establish healthy credit habits for some helpful tips.
If you are having difficulty managing credit,you
may be able to get free or low-cost financial counselling through your
local or provincial consumer credit counselling services. They can help
you get turned around.
How do I obtain my
credit report?
Equifax Canada requires
photocopies of two pieces of ID. Sign the photocopies and include a note
indicating current address,former address,date of birth,and daytime phone
number. Call 1-800-465-7166 for more information,or visit their Web site.
TransUnion Canada also wants photocopies of two pieces of
ID (both sides). At least one piece must include a signature. If you have
lived at your current address for less than five years,provide your
previous address as well. Call 1-800-663-9980 (Quebec,1-877-713-3393) for
more information or visit their Web site.
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